The specific surface area according to the BET-Theory is a common parameter for the characterization of powders. We offer a variety of instruments tailored towards the respective fields of applications such as research and development, quality insurance as well as bulk import and export control.
3P micro series | 1 – 3 analysis stations; options for micropore and Krypton analysis; in-situ or external sample preparation
The 3P micro series includes fully automated volumetric sorption analyzers for measuring adsorption and desorption of Nitrogen and other non-corrosive gases on one (3P micro 100), two (3P micro 200) or three (3P micro 300) independent analysis stations.
The instruments can be fitted with a turbomolecular pump and low-pressure sensors for micropore analysis and Krypton physisorption. Depending on customer requests, the instruments can be equipped with only mesopore stations (A version), micro- and mesopore stations (B/B1 version) or only micropore stations (C/C1 version). Each analysis station has its own dosing manifold for optimal analysis duration. Regardless of the starting time, the analysis will take the same amount of time! Each analysis station comes with its own p0 cell with a dedicated pressure sensor. The stations are fully independent from one another, analysis can be started at any time.
The 3P micro 100 and 200 have two integrated separate degassing stations that can be operated parallel to the analysis stations. The three analysis stations of the 3P micro 300 can be used for in-situ sample preparation to avoid sample contamination.
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3P meso series | 1, 2 or 4 fully independent analysis stations; in-situ or external sample preparation
The 3P meso series of instruments offers fully automated volumetric sorption analysis with Nitrogen and other non-corrosive gases (e.g., CO2, Ar, Kr, H2, O2, CO, NH3 or CH4) on one, two or four analysis stations, respectively. It allows the characterization of mesoporous materials at a minimum of space requirements.
The 3P meso 112 is capable of measuring one sample while at the same time carrying out an in-situ degassing of a second sample. At the end of both the analysis and the degassing process, the heating mantle is switched with the dewar and the analysis continues on the second sample. Alternatively, both stations can be used for sample activation.
A two-station analysis setup with integrated sample preparation is also available with the model 3P meso 222. This system allows simultaneous analysis of two samples.
The 3P meso 400 is a compact sorption analyzer with four completely independent analysis stations for the determination of BET surface area, total pore volume and pore size distributions of meso- and macroporous materials. Each analysis station can be programmed individually and started at any given time. This is achieved by four independent dosing volumes and without any time loss.
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3P sync Series | Gas adsorption analyzers
Up to 4 completely independent analysis stations in one dewar; separate p0 measuring cell for simultaneous measurement
With the 3P sync series, 3P Instruments offers a new measuring instrument with up to four measuring stations and a separate p0 measuring cell for simultaneous measurement of the saturation vapor pressure. The stations and measuring cell are temperature controlled by a single cold dewar. Thus, the 3P sync enables the highest sample throughput with the smallest possible space requirement and minimum liquid nitrogen consumption. Depending on the sample volume, it can be configured individually as a 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-station instrument. In addition, the number of pressure transducers can be configured at the measuring station. If the instrument is to be equipped with the fastest possible measuring configuration, a separate pressure sensor can be integrated in each of the four measuring stations. If the measuring speed is not relevant (e.g., for measurements overnight), the measuring instrument can be equipped with only one pressure sensor for up to four measuring stations. Depending on the price/performance ratio, less than six pressure sensors can be integrated, resulting in seven different 3P sync model configurations.
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3P surface DX | 4 fully independent analysis stations; setup is configured for flow method (fast BET measurements)
The 3P surface DX is a fully automated gas sorption analyzer with four parallel operating analysis stations for rapid BET surface area determination.
The instrument operates without a vacuum system but works with the dynamic principle (flow method).
Both Single- and Multipoint-BET measurements can be carried out reliably and in very short times suitable for production and quality control. Use of reference comparison methods keeps the detection time of adsorption peaks extremely short.
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cryoTune | Realization of measuring temperatures for sorption experiments from 77 K – 323 K
Allows coolant adjustment to temperatures of 82 – 323 K for pore analysis on different instruments of all manufacturers. Allows micropore and BET surface analysis according to the IUPAC recommendations with Argon isotherms at 87 K.
The cryoTune series opens new horizons for gas sorption measurements. It offers the possibility for almost all volumetric sorption instruments, no matter if newer or older production dates, to follow the ISO 9277 /1/ for BET measurements as well as the IUPAC recommendation for micropore characterization /2/. Both publications explain that noble gases, unlike the nitrogen molecule, have a spherical symmetry and no quadrupole moment. Therefore, the adsorption of noble gas atoms results from a pure van-der-Waals interaction and the atoms do not have different orientations on the adsorbent surface.
The cryoTune series requires only liquid nitrogen for cooling and allows a temperature range of 77 – 323 K. With the cryoTune 87, e.g. measurements for the determination of specific surfaces at Ar 87 K or Kr 120 K can be performed to obtain scientifically correct results. The cryoTune also allows the sorption of various other measuring gases at their boiling point or other arbitrary temperatures. Due to this unique flexibility, pure gas isotherms of methane, ethane, propane, n-butane, oxygen, carbon dioxide, SF6, etc. can be measured and thermodynamic calculations can be performed at different temperatures. The following table shows the different adsorptives, their boiling temperatures, the density of the liquid adsorptive ρLiquid, the critical diameter of the atom/molecule, the space requirement for one adsorbate atom or molecule am, the saturation pressure p0 and the non-ideality factor of the real gases Fni.
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